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PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING THE LEGAL NATURE OF COVERT INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS *Tatarinova L., Ivanova Z.
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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to study the legal nature of covert investigative actions - a legal institution enshrined in national legislation in 2014, and to identify the signs by which covert investigative actions (hereinafter – CIA) can be distinguished from other operational investigative measures (hereinafter – OSA). Taking into account the peculiarities of the legal institutions of the CIA and the OSA, a question arises, the answer to which is of fundamental practical importance for distinguishing the MPM and the OSA, by defining their features and purpose. The problem of determining the legal nature is also aggravated by the fact that in the criminal procedural legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan there is no detailed description of the algorithm of their conduct, unlike other investigative actions. This absence is due to the correlation of CIA with the institute of state secrets, the definition of which follows from the meaning of Article 1 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On State Secrets" [1]. To fully disclose the topic we have chosen, the author used various methods of scientific cognition, which allowed not only to analyze the available points of view, but also to formulate his own conclusions and proposals, namely: the method of system analysis, the formal legal method, as well as the comparative legal method. The research presented by us will allow, based on an understanding of the legal nature of the CIA, to successfully apply it without violating the principle of legality, including when using a wide range of forms and methods of operational investigative activities when collecting evidence in criminal proceedings. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, CIA act as a very effective mechanism for obtaining evidence in criminal cases that have a high degree of latency, and on the other hand, the use of CIA can increase the risk of violations and/or restrictions of a number of constitutional human and civil rights. Moreover, the issue of legalizing the results of the conducted CIA is acute, if they were carried out without the sanction of the investigating judge due to the presence of circumstances that do not require delay.

Keywords

investigation, secret investigative actions, problems, search, criminal proceedings, pre-trial proceedings in a criminal case

Issue: 4-2023

About the Authors

*Tatarinova Lola

Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of International Business named after K. Sagadiev (UIB), Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

E-mail: lola.tatarinova@gmail.com

Ivanova Zhanna

Candidate of Juridical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law, Komi Republican Academy of State Service and Administration, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic

E-mail: mgb-pravo@yandex.ru